GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONVENTIONS AND THE BRAZILIAN: AN ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE PARIS AGREEMENT AND THE ROLE OF BIOFUELS IN MITIGATING GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS

Abstract

The paper examines the evolution of global environmental conventions and Brazil’s response, focusing on key international conferences on sustainable development and the impact of the Paris Agreement. Initially, the text addresses the growing environmental concern, highlighting how the advancement of capitalism and accelerated industrialization have intensified the exploitation of natural resources. From the 1970s, with the Stockholm Conference, international regimes emerged aiming to protect the environment, establishing a benchmark for subsequent discussions. The Rio de Janeiro Conference (1992) and the Johannesburg Summit (2002) expanded the discussion, introducing Agenda 21 and reaffirming commitments to sustainable development. The Paris Agreement (2015) represents a significant advancement, seeking to limit global temperature rise and promote the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The text analyzes Brazil's role in the global context, particularly its strategy based on biofuels to achieve the Paris Agreement's targets. Despite progress, the technical report reveals that Brazil still faces significant challenges in reducing GHGs, highlighting the need for more effective actions.